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DBH (Diameter at Breast Height) is measured at 4.5 feet above ground level. Use a diameter tape or measure circumference and divide by π (3.14159).

Doyle for smaller logs (12-28" diameter), Scribner for general use (most common in US), International for large logs and hardwoods. Check local standards.

15-25% is typical. Factors include: bark loss, sawdust (kerf), defects, taper, and trimming. Higher quality trees have lower waste.